Vocabulary+---Semester+II


 * Vocabulary --- Semester II **


 * List 1 **

1. republic n. -- a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an  elected or nominated president rather than a monarch 2. principality n. -- a state ruled by a prince 3. state n. -- a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government 4. sinister adj. -- giving the impressions that something evil or harmful is happening or about to happen 1/14 5. usurper n. -- one who takes a position of power illegally or by force (1/24) 6. composite adj.(or n.) -- made up of various parts or elements 7. insurrection n. -- violent uprising against an authority or government (1/21) 8. dominions n. -- the territory of a sovereign or government 1/14  colonies n, pl. -- a group of people from the original country, who are stationed in the acquired country to keep order 9. intervention n. -- interference in another country's affairs 10. aggrandize v. -- increase the power, status, or wealth of (1/21) 11. temporal adj. -- related to worldly as opposed to spiritual affairs, secular 12. rout v. -- defeat decisively <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">13. malcontent n. -- a person who is dissatisfied and rebellious 1/14 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">14. oligarchy n. -- a state ruled by a small group of people <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">15. adduce v. -- cite as evidence <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">16. mitigate v. -- make less severe, serious, or painful (1/31) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">17. preceptor n. -- teacher or instructor <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">18. incredulity n. -- state of being unwilling or unable to believe something 1/14 <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">19. suffice v. -- be enough or adequate <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">20. edifice n. -- a building, esp. a large, imposing one (2/14)


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 2 **

1. malignity n. -- evil effect, malevolence 2. desist (from) v. -- cease, abstain 3. adherent n. -- someone who supports a certain person, party, or set of ideas (1/31) 4. recourse n. -- source of help in a difficult situation 5. wiles n. -- devious or cunning strategies to manipulate someone to do what one wants 6. odious adj. -- extremely unpleasant, repulsive 7. manifest adj. -- clear or obvious (2/28) 8. copiously adv. -- abundantly (2/14) 9. nefarious adj. -- wicked or criminal (usually describes an action or activity) (1/24) 10. extricate (from) v. -- free (someone or something) from constraint or difficulty 11. paltry adj. -- petty, trivial, meager 12. formidable adj. -- inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable (1/21) 13. rapacious adj. -- excessively greedy or grasping 14. pusillanimous adj. -- showing a lack of courage or determination, timid (1/21) 15. impugn v. -- dispute the truth, validity, or honesty of (a statement or motive); call into question (1/21) 16. portentous adj. -- warning that something significant or dangerous is about to happen 17. rash adj. -- showing or resulting from a lack of consideration as to the consequences of actions 18. servitude n. -- slavery 19. ordinance n. -- order or decree 20. lamentable adj. -- unfortunate, regrettable (to describe an event) (2/21)


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 3 **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. ignominy n. -- public shame or disgrace (1/24) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. adversity n. -- difficulties or misfortune <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. presumptuous adj. -- (of a person or their behavior) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. lascivious adj. -- (of a person, manner, or gesture) showing an overt and offensive sexual desire <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. ecclesiastical adj. -- having to do with the church or the clergy <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. ignominy n. -- public shame or disgrace (1/24) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. impute v. -- to suggest that something, usually bad, has been done, caused, or possessed by <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> someone, attribute <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. pretext n. -- a reason given for justification of an action that is not the real reason <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. enumerate v. -- to mention (a number of things) one by one (2/21) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">10. dissemble v. -- to conceal one's true motives, beliefs, or feelings (1/24) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> 11. anarchy n. -- no recognized government, chaos <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">12. reproach n. -- expression of extreme disapproval or disappointment

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. blank verse (n) --- unrhymed iambic pentameter <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. benison (n) --- blessing <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. scorn v. -- ridicule, belittle <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. pious adj. -- godly, holy <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. malevolence n. -- malice, ill will <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. blasphemy n. -- desecration, heresy, denying or dishonoring something sacred <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. nought n. -- nothing <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. resolute adj. -- determined <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. issue n. -- offspring, descendents <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">10. sovereignty n. -- rule <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">11. pernicious adj. -- evil, wicked (2/28) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">12. diminutive adj. -- small, tiny (1/31) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">13. judicious adj. -- wise, prudent <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">14. laudable adj. -- praiseworthy (2/14) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">15. resound v. -- reverberate, echo (1/31) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">16. redress v. -- remedy, set right <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">17. recoil v. -- cringe, flinch <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">18. imperial adj. -- regal, royal <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">19. particular n. -- detail, specific (1/31) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">20. legion n. -- horde, multitude
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 4 **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">from //Macbeth//, Act I-III **
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">from //Macbeth//, Act IV **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 5 **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. hoodwink v. -- cheat, con (2/21) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. stanchless adj. -- never-ending, unstoppable <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. credulous adj. -- gullibly believing <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. malady n. -- illness, ailment (2/14) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. benediction n. -- blessing <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6, perturbation n. -- disturbance, upset (4/9) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. murky adj. -- clouded, mucky, dirty (2/28) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. upbraid v. -- scold (2/14) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. taint v. -- infect, contaminate <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">10. antidote n. -- remedy <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">11. speculative adj. -- hypothetical, conjectural <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">12. arbitrate v. -- decide <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">13. prowess n. -- strength, proficiency <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">14. avaricious adj. -- <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">greedy for material gain <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">15. intemperance n. -- lack of restraint or moderation
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">from //Macbeth//, Act IV and V **


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 6 **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. yoke n. -- a wooden crosspiece that is fastened over the necks of two animals and attached to the plow of <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> cart that they are to pull <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. tyrant n. -- a cruel and oppressive ruler <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. ironically adv. -- paradoxically, unexpectedly <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. tranquility n. -- a calm situation, free from disturbance (2/21) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. gratuitously adv. -- without charging a fee, free <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. inconceivable adj. -- unbelievable, impossible to be grasped or believed <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. irrevocably adv. -- irreversibly <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. arbitrary adj. -- based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or logic (2/21) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. nullity n, -- a state of being legally void or turned to nothingness <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">10. devoid adj. -- entirely lacking or free from


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 7 **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. polity n. -- an organized society, a state <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. subsist v. -- maintain or support oneself at a minimal level (2/28) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. tacit adj. --understood or implied without actually being stated <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. null and void adj. -- not legally binding, having no force of law <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5.stipulation n. -- a demand or requirement, typically as part of a bargain or agreement (4/9) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. incidental adj. -- accompanying, but not an essential part of something <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. pact n. -- formal agreement between individuals or parties <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. inalienable adj. -- unable to be taken away from, or given away by, the possessor (2/28) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. incline v. -- to feel willing or favorable toward something <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">10. dogma n. -- a principle of set of principles laid down by an authority as true <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">11. ferocity n. -- fierceness <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">12. indemnify v. -- compensate someone for loss <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">13. preeminence n. -- superiority, surpassing all others in accomplishment or position <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">14. infer v. -- make a conclusion from reasoning or evidence, not from explicit statements <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">15. conjugal adj. -- relating to the marriage relationship <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">16. reciprocal adj. -- given, felt, or done in return <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">17. paucity n. -- a small or insufficient amount <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">18. inadvertently adv. -- not resulting from planning, accidentally <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">19. rigor n. -- severity <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">20. diminution n. -- reduction in size or extent


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">List 8--WW II **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. infamy n. -- wickedness, abomination <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. salient adj. -- most noticeable or important (4/9) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. genocide n. -- the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnicity, religion, or <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> nation <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. fascist adj. or n. -- extremely right wing, authoritarian, intolerant in views and practice, or a person who holds such <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> views (Hitler, Mussolini). Fascism tends to include a belief in the supremacy of one national or ethnic group, a contempt for democracy, an insistence on obedience to a powerful leader, and a  strong demagogic approach. Patricia (4/2) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. embargo n. -- an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. tactical adj. -- of, relating to, or constituting actions carefully planned to gain a specific military end <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. unanimity n. -- agreement by all people involved <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. simultaneously adv. -- at the same time James (4/4) Will (2 words) 9. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">bikini atoll n. -- a closely spaced small coral reef of islands <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">10. laden adj. -- burdened, loaded down <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">11. succumb v. -- to give way to a superior force <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">12. utilize v. -- to put to use 13. o <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">rdnance n. -- military materiel, such as weapons, ammunition, combat vehicles, and equipment (4/9) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">14. pact n. -- a formal agreement, such as one between nations, a treaty

**List 9--World War II** Simon (4/8) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. blitzkrieg n. -- an intense military campaign intended to bring about a swift victory. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. propaganda n. -- chiefly derogatory information, esp. of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> publicize a particular political cause or point of view <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. alliance n. -- a union or association formed for mutual benefit, esp. between countries or organizations <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. fascism n. -- extreme right-wing, authoritarian, or intolerant views or practice. Lannie (4/9) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. annex v. -- add (territory) to one's own territory6. appeasement n. -- the action or process of appeasing <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. convoy n. -- a group of ships or vehicles traveling together, typically accompanied by armed troops, warships, or <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> other vehicles for protection. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. purge v. -- to remove or get rid of <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Will (2 words) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. formidable adj. -- hard to beat down, or defeat10. foil v. -- prevent (something considered wrong or undesirable) from succeeding. Irene (4/11) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">11. vital adj. -- absolutely necessary or important; essential. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">12. sergeant n. -- a police officer ranking below an inspector. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">13. traumatic adj. -- relating to or denoting physical injury. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">14. ammunition n. -- a supply or quantity of bullets and shells.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">**List 10** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">1. sycophant n. -- a person who acts obsequiously towards another to gain an advantage; a servile flatterer; a <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;"> suck-up <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">2. isthmus n. -- a narrow strip of land with water on both sides that connects two larger bodies of land <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">3. colonize v. -- to send a group of citizens to an area both to settle and to gain political control over it <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">4. aggregation n. -- a whole formed by combining several (usually disparate) elements <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">5. acrid adj. -- having an irritatingly strong or harsh taste or smell <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. misanthropic adj. -- disliking mankind and avoiding society <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">7. oppressive adj. -- unjustly inflicting hardship and constraints on a subordinate group <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">8. empire n. -- an extensive group of countries under a single supreme authority <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Irene, Lannie' words <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">James <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">9. f acade n. -- the front of a building, especially an imposing or decorative one. 10. revile v. -- address or speak of abusively 11. spatter v. -- to scatter or dash in small particles or drops 12. pontifical adj. -- characterized by an ostentatious display of dignity or importance <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Will 13. assimilate v. -- take in (information, ideas, or culture) and understand fully 14. colony n. -- a country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from another land 15. corruption n. -- impairment of integrity, virtue, or moral principl 16. trafficking n. -- trading passages or trade routes. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Patty 17. condolence n. -- an expression of sympathy, esp. on the occasion of a death 18. clamorous adj. -- making a loud and confused noise 19. retinue n. -- a group f advisers, assistants, or others accompanying an important person 20. regime n. -- a government, esp. an authoritarian one <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Simon 21. panopticon adj. -- including everything visible in one view 22. intermittent adj. -- occurring at irregular interval;not continuous or steady 23. peremptory adj. -- insisting on immediate attention or obedience 24. resolute adj. -- admirably purposeful, determined, and unwavering



<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">aggregation n. -- a whole formed by combining several (usually disparate) elements <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">6. in concert adv. -- (acting) jointly <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">16. ubiquitous adj. -- present, appearing, or found everywhere <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">17. abominable adj. -- causing moral revulsion, offensive <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">18. retroactive adj. -- taking effect from a date in the past <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">19. extant adj. -- still in existence, surviving <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">20. impromptu adj. -- done without being planned or rehearsed
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">general terms **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">18. superlative adj. -- of the highest quality or degree <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">19. avaricious adj. -- greedy for power <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">20. intemperance n. -- lack of restraint or moderation <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">19. superfluous adj. -- unnecessary (from being more than enough) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">20. superimposed adj. -- to lay one thing over another, so both are still evident